Java Program to Check if Alphabet is Vowel or Consonant

In Java, to check if a given character is vowel or consonant we can use conditional statements such as if else and switch statement. Here we are using switch statement. If input falls within the range of “a, e, i, o, u”, it should print vowel otherwise consonant.

In this article, we are focusing on learning through an example, detailed logic and program explanation for better understanding.

Table of Contents

Required Knowledge
Problem Statement
Logic to check if Alphabet is Vowel or Consonant
Java program to check if alphabet is Vowel or Consonant
- - Java program explanation to check given character is Vowel or Consonant
Conclusion

Required Knowledge

Java programming basics
Java Operators
Conditional Statements (switch)

Problem Statement

We need to write a Java program to check given character is vowel or consonant. The program should take a character and based on the character, program will output whether the character is vowel or consonant. This action will be done in our program. Let’s look at an example,

Example:

Input: Enter the character
u
Output: u is vowel

Here for the input character u, Output is ” u is vowel”.

Logic to check if Alphabet is Vowel or Consonant

Take character from the user using next().charAt(0) method. This method reads the next token from the input as a string and then takes the first character of that string.
Use switch which takes character as value and compares this character with the cases (A, E, I, O, U, a, e, i, o, u) inside the switch statement.
If any of the case matches with the switch value, it will print and break the program using break statement.
If none of the cases matches, then using default statement we will print error message.

Java program to check if alphabet is Vowel or Consonant

In the below program, we are using switch statement to check if a alphabet is vowel or consonant in Java.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class VoewlConsonant {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("Enter the character");
		char ch = s.next().charAt(0);
		// character should be an alphabet only(A to Z and a to z)
		switch (ch) {
		case 'A':
		case 'a':
		case 'E':
		case 'e':
		case 'I':
		case 'i':
		case 'O':
		case 'o':
		case 'U':
		case 'u':
			System.out.println(ch + " is vowel");
			break;
		default:
			System.out.println(ch + " is consonant");
		}
		s.close();
	}
}

Output:

Enter the character
f
f is consonant

Java program explanation to check given character is Vowel or Consonant

The Java program imports the Scanner class to read input from the user.
In the main method:
- It creates a Scanner object s to read input from the user.
- Asks the user to enter a character.
- Reads the character entered by the user.
- Uses a switch statement to check the value of the character.
Inside the switch statement:
- Checks each case for the character entered.
- If the character matches any of the vowel cases (‘A’, ‘a’, ‘E’, ‘e’, ‘I’, ‘i’, ‘O’, ‘o’, ‘U’, ‘u’), it prints that the character is a vowel.
- If the character doesn’t match any of the vowel cases, it falls into the default case and prints that the character is a consonant.
Closes the Scanner object to release system resources.

Conclusion

In this article, we have learnt how to check if a character is vowel or consonant in Java. We understood the logic and moved on to implementing the program. Hope you find this article helpful.

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Happy Learning!